Currently, a discussion is taking place on whether the prevailing value added tax (VAT) is the appropriate indirect tax for Ukraine or whether it should be substituted by another indirect tax. In particular, critics of VAT highlight the extensive VAT fraud and evasion, as well as the problems to administer VAT. While this discussion is certainly not new in Ukraine, the current debate shows the need for a fresh assessment. Consequently, in this paper we try to answer the question whether substituting VAT by another indirect tax would be a good idea from a fiscal point of view or not.