On September 28, 2006, the Government of Ukraine introduced a system of licenses for grain exporters. This system was subsequently replaced with a quota system.
The policy papers are the joint product of the German Advisory Group for Economic Reforms in Ukraine and the IER aimed at providing economic policy recommendations to Ukraine’s policy makers. The recommendations are based on the careful analysis of Ukraine’s situation, state-of-the-art economic theory, and best international practices. The papers are available for policy makers and – with some time lag – for general public.
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On September 28, 2006, the Government of Ukraine introduced a system of licenses for grain exporters. This system was subsequently replaced with a quota system.
The objective of this article is to destroy certain myths and inaccuracies concerning the functioning of agricultural land markets and to facilitate open public discussion about the necessity of introducing it in Ukraine. The methodology is based on independent experts assessments of opportunities created by a fully-fledged agricultural land market for sector development and improved well-being of rural residents, as well as potential threats that may emerge.
Ukraine’s expensive compulsory social insurance system is financed through high payroll taxes. High taxes induce tax evasion.
The credit union sector is expanding rapidly in Ukraine. From June 2005 to June 2006, outstanding loans more than doubled. Measured by capital, credit unions represent nowadays 3.3% of the consolidated banking and credit union system. But the credit union sector remains beset with deep and serious structural problems.
Descriptive statistics of the data series used for estimation is presented in table 2. As shown in the table on average rural households consume almost 70% more gas than urban households, even though rural households earn on average 20% less than urban one.
Gas prices for private households are under strong upward adjustment pressure. Ukraine’s government just decided to implement a new pricing scheme where households will receive domestically extracted gas at rather low prices, but consumption above a specified threshold level will become more expensive.
Renewable energy offers interesting perspectives for agriculture and forestry in Ukraine. It is broadening the range of available energy sources, creating new market outlets for agricultural producers besides food production. It contributes to national energy security by diversifying energy supply sources. Linked food and energy markets will increase competition and the most efficient producers will benefit most of new markets in future.
There have been dozens of investment climate papers written over the last decade, including papers produced by the German Advisory Group (GAG) and the Institute for Economic Research and Policy Consulting (IER) and there is little to add to that quite comprehensive analysis. Despite voluminous literature produces on this topic still investments in the sector have been too low during the last years.
Traditionally Ukrainian policy-makers and experts have paid attention predominantly to the Government direct external debt. And today this debt has been kept within acceptable limits and does not pose any danger.
Ukraine’s gas storage facilities account for a total capacity of around 34 bcm or 21% of the total European gas storage working capacity.